If you’ve been researching ways to rejuvenate your facial appearance, reduce wrinkles, address hyperpigmentation, or even tackle acne scars, chances are you’ve come across something known as ablative CO2 laser resurfacing. You might have also heard about fractional CO2 lasers, fully ablative CO2 lasers, or CO2 laser for under eye wrinkles, and wondered which one is right for you. Ablative CO2 laser resurfacing can yield impressive before and after transformations, and many people swear by its benefits for tightening skin, minimising wrinkles, and improving overall texture.

We will discuss everything you need to know about ablative CO2 laser resurfacing—from the basics of how it works and what to expect day by day during the recovery, to tips for before and after treatment. We’ll also compare fully ablative CO2 laser treatments with fractional versions, look at potential risks such as prolonged redness after CO2 laser, and highlight the best practices to ensure you achieve a smoother, more youthful-looking complexion.

Understanding Ablative CO2 Laser Resurfacing

Ablative CO2 laser resurfacing is a procedure designed to rejuvenate your skin by removing the outermost layers in a controlled manner. “Ablative” refers to the process of vaporising or precisely removing the epidermis (the top layer of the skin) and sometimes part of the dermis (the layer beneath). By creating a fresh surface for new, healthier skin cells to grow, the CO2 ablative laser can dramatically improve various skin concerns such as wrinkles, sun damage, hyperpigmentation, enlarged pores, and certain scars.

• CO2 Laser for Wrinkles: One of the biggest advantages of a co2 laser facial is its impressive ability to reduce the look of fine lines and deeper wrinkles, including around the eyes (co2 under eyes) and mouth area.

• CO2 Laser for Scars: People with acne scaring, surgical scars, or stretch marks often turn to ablative CO2 lasers to improve the texture of their skin. You can often find dramatic co2 laser scar removal before and after photos as evidence of these results.

• Skin Tightening and Even Tone: Because ablative CO2 laser resurfacing encourages collagen production, it can result in tighter, firmer-looking skin with a more even complexion over time.

Ablative CO2 laser resurfacing has been used for decades. According to studies, CO2 lasers have been a mainstay in laser skin resurfacing due to their precise and effective tissue vaporisation. The procedure is powerful and can deliver substantial improvements, but it also comes with a longer downtime compared to non-ablative or less invasive laser treatments.

How Does a CO2 Laser Work?

“CO2” stands for carbon dioxide, which is the medium that produces the laser beam. A CO2 laser procedure emits a specific wavelength of light (commonly 10,600 nm), which is highly absorbed by water in the skin tissues. When the laser’s energy is applied to the skin’s surface, water molecules in the cells rapidly heat and cause controlled tissue vaporisation or ablation. The full ablative mode is used for laser mole removal.

Key Points About CO2 Laser Technology

• Precision: CO2 lasers can be precisely focused or fractionated to treat minuscule areas without unnecessarily damaging surrounding tissues.

• Heat Generation: The heat produced by the CO2 laser also stimulates collagen production, which helps improve skin texture and firmness over time.

• Ablation: In ablative treatments, the top layer(s) of skin is literally removed, prompting the body’s natural healing process to generate fresh skin cells. This is used for laser mole removal or removal of hairy moles.

Topical vs. Full Face CO2 Laser Resurfacing

• Spot Treatments: Some patients only target problem areas such as the region around the eyes (co2 under eyes), lips, or surgical scars (co2 laser scar removal before and after).

• Full Face Resurfacing: Others opt for a full face CO2 laser resurfacing procedure, which can provide a uniform rejuvenation effect. This can take more time to recover from but frequently yields more comprehensive results.

In short, ablative CO2 laser resurfacing is particularly valued because it can deliver impressive, often life-changing improvements in skin tone, texture, and appearance.

Fully Ablative CO2 Laser vs Fractional CO2 Laser

You may have come across terms like fully ablative CO2 laser and fractional CO2 laser. Both are types of ablative treatments, but they differ in intensity and recovery profile.

Fully Ablative CO2 Laser

• Involves removing the entire top layer of skin in the targeted area.

• Often associated with more dramatic results but also a longer, more intense recovery.

• Typically indicated for deeper wrinkles, more advanced photoageing, or pronounced scarring.

Fractional CO2 Laser

• Delivers the laser energy in a fractionated pattern—think small columns of ablation surrounded by areas of intact skin.

• This approach allows for faster healing because surrounding, untreated skin helps with quicker recovery.

• Results can be very significant while downtime is reduced compared to a fully ablative approach.

• Many patients experience fewer side effects like prolonged redness after CO2 laser when going fractional, though some redness is still expected.

Why Choose Fully Ablative Over Fractional or Vice Versa?

• Skin Condition: Deep wrinkles, very uneven texture, or severe sun damage might require a fully ablative treatment.

• Downtime: If you cannot accommodate a long recovery period, fractional might be the better option.

• Desired Outcome: If you want the most dramatic single-treatment result, fully ablative might suit you best.

Consultation with our team at CLNQ can guide you on whether fractional CO2 laser before and after outcomes will meet your expectations or if a fully ablative CO2 laser is more appropriate.

Conditions Treated by Ablative CO2 Laser

Ablative CO2 laser resurfacing can address a multitude of skin concerns:

1. Fine Lines and Wrinkles: Particularly around the eyes (co2 laser eyelids or co2 under eyes) and mouth.

2. Deeper Furrows: Such as forehead creases, frown lines, and smile lines.

3. Acne Scars: CO2 laser acne scars before and after photos frequently show marked improvement in scarring depth and visibility.

4. Surgical Scars: The co2 laser scar removal before and after transformations can be striking, although complete scar removal is rarely possible.

5. Pigmentation Issues: Sunspots, age spots, and certain cases of melasma or hyperpigmentation.

6. Skin Texture Irregularities: Enlarged pores (co2 laser pores), rough patches, and uneven skin surface.

7. Other Specific Conditions: Sometimes used off-label for conditions like rhinophyma (a thickening of the nose skin), although Erbium:YAG or other lasers may also be used.

Studies confirm that ablative CO2 lasers remain a gold standard for addressing signs of photoageing. While alternative lasers like Erbium:YAG can be effective, CO2 lasers remain popular due to their deep penetration and strong collagen stimulation.

The CO2 Laser Procedure: What to Expect

Step 1: Consultation

Before any co2 face laser treatment, you’ll have a thorough consultation. Your doctor will evaluate your skin type, discuss your medical history, and determine whether you’re a suitable candidate for ablative CO2 treatment.

Step 2: Pre-Treatment Preparation

You might be advised to follow certain steps leading up to your procedure, including stopping specific medications or using topical agents (like retinoids) to prepare your skin. Antiviral medication is sometimes prescribed if you’re prone to cold sores.

Step 3: Anaesthetic

A topical numbing cream or local anaesthetic injections are used to minimise discomfort.

Step 4: Laser Application

Using a handheld device, the doctor applies controlled beams of carbon dioxide laser energy to the treatment area. The procedure time can range from 30 minutes to over an hour, depending on the size and severity of the area.

Step 5: Immediate Aftercare

Expect your skin to be raw, red, and sensitive after an ablative CO2 procedure. Special ointments or dressings may be applied to protect the treated area. You will receive specific instructions, such as how often to cleanse, which topical products to use, and how to manage sun exposure.

Before and After CO2 Laser: Typical Results

Results vary from patient to patient, but co2 laser before and after images often speak volumes. Here are some of the improvements you might notice:

• Reduced Wrinkles: Smoother skin with fewer visible fine lines and less prominent deeper creases.

• Improved Firmness: Over time, increased collagen production leads to firmer, tighter skin.

• More Even Tone: Fading of sunspots, age spots, or uneven pigmentation.

• Smaller Pores: A reduction in the appearance of enlarged pores, especially on the cheeks and nose.

• Healthier Glow: New, fresher skin typically emerges, giving you a healthier, more radiant look.

Because ablative CO2 laser resurfaces the entire treated layer (fully ablative) or fractional columns of it, many patients see transformative results with a single treatment. However, deeper scars or particularly etched-in lines may require multiple sessions to achieve the desired improvement.

Recovery Timeline: Day by Day CO2 Laser Resurfacing Recovery Photos (What to Expect)

The typical timeline of what you might experience following CO2 laser resurfacing is:

Days 1-2:

• Skin is very red and oozing. You may have swelling, especially around the eyes if you had co2 laser under eyes.

• You will be instructed to gently cleanse and keep the area moist with a specialised ointment like petroleum jelly or a prescribed post-procedure balm.

• Pain or discomfort can be managed with over-the-counter analgesics or prescribed medication.

Days 3-4:

• The skin starts to form a crust or scab-like layer. Peeling begins.

• Redness persists, and this is normal. It’s crucial to resist picking at the peeling skin to avoid scarring or infection.

• Swelling may subside somewhat, but the area can still feel tight.

Days 5-7:

• The scabs or crusts typically fall away, revealing pink, fresh skin underneath.

• Redness can still be quite evident, and dryness is common. Keeping the skin well-hydrated is essential.

Weeks 2-4:

• Redness gradually fades. Many patients can resume wearing makeup around days 7-10, although this varies.

• You might still experience mild sensitivity, itching, or dryness.

• Strict sun avoidance or high SPF sunscreen use (minimum SPF 30-50) is crucial.

Months 1-3:

• Collagen remodelling continues, and gradual improvements in texture and tightness become more evident.

• Prolonged redness after CO2 laser can occur, especially for individuals with fair or sensitive skin. However, this usually subsides within 3 months.

Remember, everybody’s healing is unique. Factors like the intensity of the treatment, how large the treated area is, and your personal healing capacity all contribute to the recovery experience.

Potential Risks, Complications, and Side Effects

While co2 laser skin resurfacing is considered generally safe, it’s important to be aware of potential risks:

1. Infection: Bacterial infections or cold sore flare-ups (herpes simplex) can occur if proper care is not taken.

2. Hyperpigmentation or Hypopigmentation: Skin may temporarily or (rarely) permanently become darker or lighter in patches post-laser.

3. Scarring: Overly aggressive treatment or improper aftercare can lead to scarring, though this is relatively rare.

4. Prolonged Redness: Some people experience redness for several weeks or even months.

5. Swelling and Blistering: Particularly around sensitive areas like the eyes.

6. Milia (Small White Bumps): Can develop as the skin heals but often resolve on their own or with gentle exfoliation.

Comparing CO2 Laser With Other Laser Options

There are many laser-based skin resurfacing treatments, and it can be confusing to decide which is best for you:

• CO2 Laser vs. Erbium:YAG: Erbium lasers operate at a different wavelength and generally ablate with less thermal damage than CO2 lasers. As a result, they often have a shorter downtime but may be less effective for very deep wrinkles. We use the CO2RE laser at CLNQ for CO2 laser resurfacing.

• Fraxel (Non-Ablative) vs. Ablative CO2: Fraxel is a fractional, non-ablative laser. It penetrates deeply to stimulate collagen but doesn’t remove the top layer of the skin. Hence, the downtime is shorter, but results can be more modest.

• Halo vs. Moxi: These are newer hybrid lasers. Halo combines ablative and non-ablative wavelengths in one treatment, while Moxi is more gentle, suitable for mild corrections and maintenance.

Your skin type, aesthetic goals, and ability to manage downtime will all guide which laser technology is right for you. CO2 laser results are typically among the most dramatic for moderate to severe signs of ageing, but each laser has a role depending on individual skin conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions

What Is a CO2 Laser Treatment Typically Used For?

A co2 laser treatment is commonly used to reduce wrinkles, treat sun-damaged skin, correct hyperpigmentation, and help minimise the appearance of scars. It works by ablating damaged skin layers and stimulating new collagen production.

How Long Do CO2 Laser Results Last?

Results can last for several years, depending on factors like age, skin condition, sun exposure, and lifestyle habits. Some individuals choose periodic non-ablative touch-up treatments to maintain results.

Does CO2 Laser Hurt?

Most patients feel some level of discomfort. Topical anaesthesia, nerve blocks, or sedation can be used depending on the depth of the treatment. Expect some burning or stinging sensation after the procedure.

Is There a Risk of Scarring?

There’s always a small risk of scarring with any ablative procedure. Working with a skilled, experienced doctor significantly reduces this risk. Proper aftercare is also essential.

What About CO2 Laser for Under Eye Wrinkles?

Many people choose co2 laser under eyes to tackle fine lines and crepey skin. Because the under-eye area is more delicate, conservative energy settings are used. The improvement in this area can be very satisfying but also requires careful postoperative care. The alternative to this may be Morpheus8.

Can Darker Skin Tones Have CO2 Laser Resurfacing?

Darker skin tones are at a higher risk of hyperpigmentation issues post-laser. With careful technique, fractional approaches, and pretreatment regimens to suppress pigmentation, it’s possible. However, many doctors prefer less aggressive methods or non-ablative treatments for Fitzpatrick skin types IV–VI to minimise complications. This may include using Morpheus8 which is safe with all skin types.

How Many CO2 Laser Treatments Do I Need?

Many patients see significant results after just one ablative session. However, multiple sessions might be necessary for those with deeper scars or advanced ageing.

Can I Wear Makeup After CO2 Laser?

You can typically start wearing makeup once the skin has fully re-epithelialised (new skin has formed), often around 7-10 days post-treatment. However, this timeline can vary.

Do I Need Sun Protection After CO2 Laser Resurfacing?

Absolutely. Your skin will be more sensitive post-laser, making sunscreen a must. A high-SPF, broad-spectrum sunscreen is essential to protect healing skin and preserve results.

What If I Experience Prolonged Redness After CO2 Laser?

Persistent redness can happen, especially if you have rosacea or very fair skin. It usually resolves over time. Your practitioner may recommend certain creams, light-based therapies, or vascular lasers to help expedite redness reduction if needed.

Conclusion

Ablative CO2 laser resurfacing is often hailed as a transformative procedure for those seeking to dramatically improve the appearance of wrinkles, scars, uneven skin texture, and pigmentation issues. Whether you opt for a fully ablative CO2 laser or a fractional variant, the benefits can be considerable, including smoother, firmer skin and a more youthful complexion. With co2 laser before and after pictures showing impressive transformations, it’s no wonder that many people turn to this technology for skin rejuvenation.

However, it’s crucial to understand the commitment involved. The co2 laser recovery process can be intense, complete with redness, peeling, and downtime that might last a week or more. Choosing a skilled doctor, following strict aftercare guidelines, and safeguarding your skin from the sun will help maximise your results and minimise complications such as hyperpigmentation, scarring, and prolonged redness after co2 laser.

In comparing options—be it Erbium:YAG, Fraxel, Halo, or other modalities—ablative CO2 lasers often stand out for their ability to handle more advanced signs of photoageing. Studies support the efficacy of CO2 laser resurfacing in promoting collagen remodeling and generating significant improvement in skin texture. Whether you’re seeking a co2 facial, co2 ablative laser under eyes, or co2 laser scar removal, it’s essential to weigh the pros and cons and consult an experienced doctor. Book your consultation today at CLNQ in Manchester to find out more.

References

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2. Fitzpatrick RE, Goldmann MP, Satur NM, Tope WD. Pulsed carbon dioxide laser resurfacing of photo-aged facial skin. Arch Dermatol. 1996;132(4):395–402.

3. Hruza GJ, Dover JS. Laser skin resurfacing. Arch Dermatol. 1996;132(4):451–455.

4. Khosh MM, Coleman WP III. Erbium:YAG laser. Dermatol Surg. 1999;25:463–467.